中英文对照【期货词汇】 [复制链接]

A

Across the board 全盘
All the months of a particular futures contract or futures option contract.
某一期货或期权合约的所有月份。 

Adjusted Futures Price 调整后的期货价格
The cash-price equivalent reflected in the current futures price. This is calculated by taking the futures price times the conversion factor for the particular financial instrument (e.g., bond or note) being delivered.
等同的现金价格反映在现在的期货价格上。计算是通过用期货的价格乘以被交割的特定金融商品的转换系数。 ( 例如 , 债券或票据 ) 

American-style options 美式期权
Options that permit exercise at any time on or before the expiration date.
在任何时间或者是在有效日期前被允许执行的期权。 

AON (all or none) AON( 全部的或决不 )
Order type: At order entry, if it can execute in total, then it executes. Otherwise it stays in the order book until it can execute in total.
下单类型 : 在已经下单时，如果它能完全执行 , 那么就被执行。否则它会寄存在买卖盘记录一直到它能够完全执行。

Arbitrage 套利
The simultaneous purchase and sale of identical or equivalent financial instruments or commodity futures in order to benefit from a discrepancy in their price relationship.
同时的买卖相同或相等的金融商品或商品期货以从他们的价格差异中获利。 

Arbitration 仲裁
The procedure of settling disputes between members, or between members and customers.
解决在成员之间或成员和客户之间争论的程序。 

As-of trade 原有贸易
An unmatched trade from a previous day that is resubmitted to the clearing system; trade is submitted 'as of' the original trade date.
前日未成交的单再被传送到结算系统并保留在原有的交易日。 

Ask 沽出价
Also called "offer." A motion to sell. Indicates a willingness to sell a futures contract at a given price.
经常被称为“出价”它是一个出售的意思。指的是在指定的价格下愿意出售期货合约。 

Assignment 转让
The designation of an option writer for fulfillment of his obligation to sell the underlying futures contract (call options writer) or buy the underlying futures contract (put option writer) upon notice from the Clearing House. Notice to the seller of an option that has been exercised by the buyer.
期权卖方所给的履约通知的收据，它使得他必须履行特定的定约价格出售 ( 在看涨期权 ) 或买进 ( 看跌期权 ) ，原生期货的义务。买主通知期权的卖主这个交易已经执行。 

Associated person (AP) 期货业务员
A person, commonly called a commodity broker, associated with and soliciting customers and orders for a futures commission merchant or introducing broker. The AP must pass a Series 3 examination, be licensed by the CFTC and be a member of the NFA.
一般称为商品经纪人 , 他是联系和提供咨询给客户以及在期货商品市场委任商人或介绍经纪人。这个委托人必须通过三种考试 , 被 CFTC 许可并且是 NFA 的一个成员。 

At the market 市场价
See "Market Order"
见 " 市场次序 " 

At-the-money 平价
An option with a strike price equal to the underlying futures price.
一个期权的执行价等于其原生期货的价格。 

Average Daily Volume 平均每日交易量
Equals volume for a specified time period divided by the number of business days within that same time period.
它等于在特定的时期交易量除以同样的特定时期内的工作天数。 

Average Down 平均值下移
To buy more of a security at a lower price, thereby reducing the holder's average cost. (average Up: to buy more at a higher price).
用低价买进更多的证券，以降低持有者的平均成本。 ( 平均值上移 : 以比较高的价格买更多证券。 ) 

Average Price Call 平均价买入期权
A type of option where the payoff is either zero or the amount by which the average price of the asset exceeds the strike.
是一种零盈利的期权或者是资产的平均价格超过执行价的期权。 

Average Price Put 平均价卖出期权
A type of option where the payoff is either zero or the amount by which the strike price exceeds the average price of the asset.
是一种零盈利的期权或者是执行价超过资产平均价格的期权。

晕~~我以前在期货公司干过2月，没见过这些名字啊好麻烦

可惜。。我只炒股票。。期货的术语不大了解！感觉就一个字.难，，不过还是很感谢楼主

Z


Zero Cost Collar 零成本区间
A type of positive-carry collar that secures a return through the purchase of a cap and sale of a floor. Also called "zero cost options" or "equity risk reversals."
一种通过运用在上限买入，在下限售出来确保取得收益的交易。也叫做 " 零成本期权 " 或 " 资产风险逆转 " 。

Y Yield 收益率 A measure of the annual return on an investment. 一种对投资的年收益的计算方法。   Yield Curve 收益率曲线 A chart in which the yield level is plotted on the vertical axis and the term to maturity of debt instruments of similar creditworthiness is plotted on the horizontal axis. The yield curve is positive when long-term rates are higher than short-term rates. 一个图表，以收益水平为竖轴，以到期的债务证券为横轴。当长期利率高于短期利率收益率曲线为正数。 Yield to Maturity 到期收益率 The rate of return an investor receives if a fixed-income security is held to maturity. 投资者如果持有固定收入的证券到最后期限所能得到的回报率。

W


With discretion (DISC) 全权委托定单
A note on an order telling the floor broker to use his or her own good judgment in filling the order.
在定单上有一个说明，让场内经纪人用自己的判断来执行定单。  

Writer 卖家
An individual who sells an option.
卖出期权的个人。

V Variable Limit 可变限度 An expanded allowable price range set during volatile markets. 在不稳定行情中规定的允许的扩展后的价格活动范围。   Vega 对冲波幅的转变风险 The measure of the change in an option's premium for a 1% change in the volatility of the underlying futures contract. Equal to the change in premium divided by 1% change in volatility. 期权金变化的衡量方法，指原生期货合同波幅的 1% 的变化。等于期权金的变化值除以波幅变化的 1% 。 Volatility 波幅 An annualized measure of the fluctuation in the price of a futures contract. Historical volatility is the actual measure of futures price movement from the past. Implied volatility is a measure of what the market implies it is, as reflected in the option. 期货合同价格波动的年度测量。历史波幅是对过去的期货价格运动的实际测量。引申波幅是在市场上衡量而取得的，也被使用在期权。    Volume 交易量 The number of contracts in futures or options on futures made during a specified period of time. 在一定时间内交易的期货合同和期权期货合同的数量。 CME: 表示‘总量’（如一天的总交易量）。

U


Underlying Futures Contract 原生期货合同
The specific futures contract that is bought or sold by exercising an option.
履行期权要买卖的特定的期货合同。  

Uptrend 上涨趋势
A price trend characterized by a series of higher highs and higher lows.
通过一系列的较高的最高价和最低价表现的价格趋势。

U.S. Treasury Bill 美国短期国债
A short-term U.S. government debt instrument with an original maturity of one year or less. Bills are sold at a discount from par with the interest earned being the difference between the face value received at maturity and the price paid.
原始有效期在一年以下的短期美国政府债券。这债倦是以折扣价出售，折扣是到期时获得的面值与支付的价格的差价。  

U.S. Treasury Bond 美国长期国债
Government-debt security with a coupon and original maturity of more than 10 years. Interest is paid semiannually.
原始有效期高于十年并带有息票的政府债券，利息每半年支付。  

U.S. Treasury Note 美国中期国债
Government-debt security with a coupon and original maturity of one to 10 years.
原始有效期从一年到十年并带有息票的政府债券。

T


Target price 目标价格
An expected selling or buying price. For long and short hedges with futures: futures price + expected basis. For puts: futures price - premium + expected basis. For calls: futures price + premium + expected basis.
一个期望的卖出或买入的价格。对于使用买卖期货来避险的是指期货价格加上预期基点。对于卖出期权是指期货价格减去期权金再加上预期的基点。对于买入期权是指期货价格加上期权金再加上预期基点。  

Theta 对冲时间转变风险
The measure of the change in an option's premium given a change in the option's time until expiration. Equal to the change in the option's premium divided by the change in time to expiration.
计算期权在到期之前，时间的变化引起的期权金的变化。等于期权金的变化除以到期前时间的变化。

Tick 最低价格变动
Refers to a change in price, either up or down. See "minimum price fluctuation."
表明价格向上向下的变化。  

Time and Sales 时间和出售
The registered times of prices traded and bid and offers on a given market.
在特定市场中注册的交易的价格，出价，要价的时间。  

Time Limit Order 限时定单
A customer order that designates the time during which it can be executed.
客户的定单中指定时间，在这段时间中定单可以被执行。  

Time Value 时间价值
The amount by which an option's premium exceeds the intrinsic value of the option. Usually relative to the time left to expiration.
期权的期权金高于其内在价值的部分。通常与距离到期日的时间有关。  

Time Stamped 时间戳记
Part of the order-routing process in which the time of day is stamped on an order.
定单例行程序的一部分，需要在定单上盖上当日时间的印记。  

Total Trade Equity 交易总资产
Cash Balance combined with Open Trade Equity on a marked-to-market basis.
在逐日结算的基础上，现金平衡与未平仓交易资产的总和。  

Trade Balance 贸易收支
The difference between the value of a nation's imports and exports of merchandise.
一个国家进口商品和出口商品价值的差别。  

Trader 交易员
A member of the exchange who buys and sells futures and options on the floor of the exchange. See "day trader, floor broker and position trader".
交易所的会员，可以在交易所场内买卖期货和期权。看当日交易者，场内交易员，持仓交易者  

Trading day 交易日
(Should actually be called 'Clearing Day') –Period within which all executed trades for a given class are cleared on the same day. This period may very well exceed 24 hours. One or more sessions could take place.
在一段时间内所有同一级别的执行的交易在同一天结算。这一段时间可能超过 24 小时，可能是一个或更多交易盘。  

Trend 趋势
The general direction of the market.
市场的大致走向。

S


Scalp 转手买卖所赚薄利
To trade for small gains. Scalping normally involves establishing and liquidating a position quickly, usually within the same day, hour or even just a few minutes.
为很小的利益交易。交易通常是快速地建仓和平仓，通常是在同一天进行，甚至是在几小时或几分钟之内。  

Selective hedger 选择性避险者
A person who hedges only when he or she believes that prices are likely to move against him or her.
只有在确信价格对其不利的时候才进行避险的人。

Sell (Sell Order) 卖出 ( 卖出定单 )
An offer. This transaction type indicates to sell or to go short. Opposite of buy or go long.
一个开价。 这种交易类型指的是卖出或看空。 买的相对概念。  

Selling climax 恐慌性抛售
An extraordinarily high volume occurring suddenly in a downtrend signaling the end of the trend.
一个非常高的交易量在下降趋势中突然出现，是这一趋势结束的信号。  

Selling Hedge (or Short Hedge) 卖出对冲
Selling futures contracts to protect against possible declining prices of commodities that will be sold in the future.
商品价格未来可能走低，为了减小损失而卖出期货合同。  

Serial options 分期 期权
Options for months for which there are no futures contracts. The underlying futures contract for a serial option month would be the next nearby futures contract.
为没有期货合同的月份而准备的期权。这种分期期权的原生期货合同是接下来的近期期货合同。  

Session (market) 交易盘（市场）
For a given class, period of time within which a consistent set of trading actions takes place –usually composed of the following phases: initialization, pre-opening/opening, trading, closing, post-session processing.
一个给定标准，在一段时间内进行一致的贸易活动。通常包括以下几个步骤：初始，预开 / 开盘，交易，收盘，盘后处理。  

Settlement price 结算价
A figure determined by the closing range that is used to calculate gains and losses in futures market accounts, performance bond calls and invoice prices for deliveries. See "closing range."
一个由收市价格范围所决定的价格，用来计算在期货市场的账目获利和损失，为了交割而进行催缴欠款和单据价格。 见“收市价格范围”。
  
Short 卖出
One who has sold a futures contract to establish a market position and who has not yet closed out this position through an offsetting procedure. The opposite of long.
一个人卖出期货合同而建仓，并且还没有进行清仓。买的反义词。  

Short cash 卖出现金
Describes a trader who needs and plans to buy a commodity.
指一个交易者需要并打算购买一种商品。  

Short hedge 卖出对冲
The sale of a futures contract in anticipation of a later cash market sale. Used to eliminate or lessen the possible decline in value of ownership of an approximately equal amount of the cash financial instrument or physical commodity. See "hedge."
为了将来的现货市场出售而卖出的期货合同。用来避免或降低自己拥有的等价的金融 商品或现货会贬值的可能性。  

Short Options Value 卖出期权价值
The total cost of purchasing back all short options on a marked-to-market basis.
买回所有卖出期权的逐日计算的成本的总和。  

Side 方
A side counts the buy and the sell as separate events. Each matched trades, and each contract, has two sides —the buyer side and the seller side. Taken together, these two sides equal one round turn per unit of volume.
买进和卖出是独立的双方。每对成功的交易，每个合同，都包括两方—买的一方和卖的一方。它们结合在一起，双方就等于一个交易的成交量。  

Sideways trend 横摆趋势
Seen in a bar chart when prices tend not to go above or below a certain range of levels.
在一个条形图表中，价格运动不能高过或低于一个确定的范围。  

Simulated Trading 模拟交易
The process of buying and selling without actually entering the market or risk any real funds.
不在市场中进行，没有任何实际资金风险的买卖过程。  

Single-stock futures (SSF) 单一股票期货（ SSF ）
Futures contracts on individual stocks.
只对一种股票进行交易的期货合同。  

Spread 价差组合
An options position established by purchasing one option and selling another option of the same class, but of a different series.
通过买入和卖出同级的期权而建立的期权盘口，但两个期权是不同的系列。  

Speculator 投机者
One who attempts to anticipate price changes and, through buying and selling futures contracts, aims to make profits. Does not use the futures market in connection with the production, processing, marketing or handling of a product.
预期价格波动，进行买卖期货合同从而获利的人。不是用期货市场进行生产、交易和处理产品的人。
  
Spot 现价
Usually refers to a cash market price for a physical commodity that is available for immediate delivery.
通常指一个可以立即进行交易的货物的市场价格。  

Spot month 现货月
The nearest trading month which may or may not be the current calendar month. Usually used as the current delivery month for a commodity.
最近的交易月份，可以是也可以不是当月。通常指现货可以进行交易的月份。  

Spot price 当前价格
See "cash price."
见“现价”  

Stop close only order 收盘时抛售订单
A stop order that is executed only during the closing range of the trading session.
只有在交易盘要结束的范围内才执行的防损订单。  

Stop loss 止 损
Order type: Same as stop limit, but with no limit indication: when triggered, will execute like an MBF.
订单类型：与停止限价相同，但是没有限定指数：当达到指定价格，就会被执行，像 MBF 一样。  

Strike (price) 期货执行价格
The price at which the option buyer may purchase or sell the underlying futures contract upon exercise. See "exercise price."
期权买家在交割时买卖指定期货合同的价格。  

Supply 供应
The quantity of a commodity that producers are willing to provide to the market at a given price.
生产者愿意以一定价格提供给市场的商品的数量。  

Support 支撑线
The place on a chart where the buying of futures contracts is sufficient to halt a price decline.
在图表中当有足够的期货合同的购买量足以阻止价格下跌的一个量。  

Symbol 符号
Equivalent to "instrument."
同于“商品” .  

Symmetrical triangles 对称三角
A price formation that can either signal a reversal or a continuation of price movement.
一个价格构成，可以是反转的信号，也可以是价格波动的延续。  

Synthetic call option 组合看涨期权
A combination of a long futures contract and a long put, called a synthetic long call. Also, a combination of a short futures contract and a short put, called a synthetic short call.
由买入一个期货合同和买入一个看跌期权的组合，就叫做组合买入看涨。同时，由卖出一个期货合同和卖出一个看跌期权的组合，叫做组合卖出看涨。  

Synthetic futures 组合期货
A combination of a put and a call with the same strike price, in which both are bullish, called synthetic long futures. Also, a combination of a put and a call with the same strike price, in which both are bearish, called synthetic short futures.
由两个有相同的行使价的看跌和看涨期权形成的组合，同时二者都看涨，叫做组合买入期货。由两个有相同行使价的看跌和看涨期权形成的组合，同时二者都看跌，叫做组合卖出期货。  

Synthetic option 组合期权
A combination of a futures contract and an option, in which one is bullish and one is bearish.
一种一个期货合同和一个期权的组合，其中一个看涨一个看跌。  

Synthetic put option 组合看跌期权
A combination of a short futures contract and a long call, called a synthetic long put. Also, a combination of a long futures contract and a short call, called a synthetic short put.
卖出期货合同和买进看涨期权的组合，叫做组合买入看跌期权。同时，买进期货合同和卖出一个看涨期权的组合，叫做组合卖出看跌期权。